It is a type of cancer that generally takes many years to develop. The cervix is the part of the uterus located at the end of the vagina. As it is located between the external and internal organs, it is more exposed to the risk of contracting diseases.
What is the cause
The main cause is infection with some types of viruses, such as HPV – Human Papilloma Virus. Factors such as early initiation of sexual activity, diversity of partners, smoking and poor intimate hygiene can facilitate infection.
What are preventive exams
The preventive exam (Pap smear) is the most correct way to prevent it. Lesions that precede cervical cancer have no symptoms, but can be discovered through a Pap smear. When diagnosed at an early stage, the chances of a cure are 100%. Taking against HPV is also an effective measure for preventing cervical cancer. The available vaccines are bivalent and quadrivalent.
During the preventive examination, secretion from the cervix is collected using a spatula and brush. The material is placed on a glass slide to be examined under a microscope.
All women who are or have had sexual activity, especially those aged 25 to 59, should take a preventive exam. Pregnant women can also do it.
Some recommendations before taking the exam are: not having sexual intercourse, not even with a condom, two days before the exam; not using douches or vaginal medications in the two days before the exam and not having a menstrual period (regular). In case of bleeding outside the menstrual period, the woman should consult a gynecologist. The exam is simple and quick. It causes at most a small inconvenience. But this discomfort decreases if the woman is able to relax and if the exam is carried out with good technique.
After the exam, the woman returns to the place where the exam was carried out to find out the results and receive instructions. As important as taking the exam is getting the result. If there is any change, the doctor will refer the woman to carry out further, more detailed tests. If necessary, treatment will be carried out. If the exam shows no change, the woman must take the preventive test the following year and if there is no change again, the exam can be done every 3 years.
